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A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Gian Lorenzo Bernini

Gian Lorenzo Bernini (1598-1680) was an Italian sculptor and architect who is often considered the most important figure in the creation of the Baroque style of sculpture. A child prodigy whose talent was recognized early, Bernini enjoyed the patronage of popes and royalty throughout his career.

Early life and education

Gian Lorenzo Bernini was born in Naples on December 7, 1598, to Angelica Galante and Pietro Bernini, a Mannerist sculptor who moved his family to Rome when Bernini was just a child. Bernini's exceptional talent was evident even in his youth, and his father was instrumental in his initial artistic education and development.

Career and Artistic Works

Bernini's career was marked by immense productivity and diversity, including sculptures, fountains, tombs, and architectural designs. His work, characterized by dynamic compositions, exquisite craftsmanship, and an unparalleled ability to depict emotional and psychological depth, played a significant role in establishing the dramatic and emotive visual language of the Baroque style. Some of his most notable works are:

  1. Apollo and Daphne (1622–25): This mythological scene captures the climax of the tale, where Daphne is transformed into a laurel tree to escape the pursuing Apollo. The sculpture, housed in the Galleria Borghese in Rome, showcases Bernini's ability to depict a narrative moment with dramatic intensity and complexity.
  2. David (1623-24): Unlike previous renditions of David, such as those by Michelangelo and Donatello, Bernini's version shows the biblical hero in dynamic action, in the act of launching the stone at Goliath.
  3. Ecstasy of Saint Teresa (1647–52): Located in the Cornaro Chapel of Santa Maria della Vittoria in Rome, this complex work depicts Saint Teresa of Ávila in spiritual rapture, pierced by an angel's arrow.
  4. The Baldachin (1624-33): This monumental canopy marks the tomb of Saint Peter and the altar of St. Peter's Basilica in Vatican City. Standing about 30 meters tall, it's constructed from bronze, with details in gold, stucco, and marble.
  5. Piazza San Pietro (1656–67): Bernini designed the massive colonnade surrounding St. Peter's Square in Vatican City, a monumental architectural achievement.

Later Life and Legacy

Bernini died in Rome on November 28, 1680, leaving a lasting impact on the face of the city with his fountains, buildings, and sculptures. His works continue to inspire, and his techniques and style profoundly influenced the Baroque and later art movements. Despite the changing tides of artistic tastes and styles, Bernini's genius is universally recognized and appreciated.